Field-effect device and manufacturing method thereof

ABSTRACT

Embodiments relate to a field-effect device that includes a body region, a first source/drain region of a first conductivity type, a second source/drain region, and a pocket implant region adjacent to the first source/drain region, the pocket implant region being of a second conductivity type, wherein the second conductivity type is different from the first conductivity type. The body region physically contacts the pocket implant region.

This is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No.12/188,774, filed on Aug. 8, 2008 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,354,710on Jan. 15, 2013, which application is hereby incorporated herein byreference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments relate generally to a field-effect device and amanufacturing method thereof.

BACKGROUND

In order to protect integrated circuit (IC) devices against damagecaused by electrostatic discharge (ESD), special device elements calledESD protection elements may be used. In this context, it may be usefulto have ESD protection elements which may be compliant with an interfacevoltage in the range from about 5 V to 12 V for an input/output (I/O)circuit implemented in a system on chip (SoC). These SoC ICs may beproduced in advanced CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)technologies where no gate oxides of appropriate thickness may beavailable. One option is to use so-called drain-extended MOS (DEMOS)devices for I/O drivers, which are asymmetric with respect to the drainand source construction. The specific drain construction in thesedevices may allow to drop the voltage along the drain to a lower, lesscritical value at the gate. However, these devices are known to beESD-weak in general and a self-protection can hardly be achieved.

Concepts that have been or are used to protect high-voltage I/O circuits(V_(signal)>5 V) of advanced CMOS ICs include the following:

Above 1 μm technology, thick-oxide or field-oxide devices have commonlybeen used. In those technologies, lateral parasitic NPN transistors wereused for ESD protection. With technology scaling reaching the deepsubmicron and sub 100 nm regime, the performance of these protectiondevices degrades since in thin-oxide devices the breakdown voltage of anI/O device matches more closely to the trigger voltage of the protectiondevice. In many cases, grounded-gate NMOS (ggNMOS) transistors are used,which are CMOS compatible. In sub 100 nm node technology, siliconcontrolled rectifiers (SCR) or thyristors have widely been used, butthey are generally not CMOS process compatible which leads to highercost. Stacked NMOS devices may be used for ESD protection, but theyusually cannot survive high voltages due to junction breakdown effects.

Thin-oxide MOS field-effect transistors (MOSFET) connected ingrounded-gate configuration form a lateral NPN transistor with Collector(formed by the Drain), Emitter (formed by the Source) and Base (formedby the Substrate) which may be used for ESD protection. In single-fingerstructures, triggering of the lateral NPN transistor for ESD protectionmay be relatively difficult to achieve, which commonly leads to an ESDperformance below 2 kV (HBM: Human Body Model). By means of a propergate-to-drain coupling (or through substrate pumping) to generate enoughsubstrate current during ESD stress, the ESD level may be enhanced tomore than 6 kV. Another possibility to achieve a sufficient level of ESDrobustness may be the use of substrate and gate biasing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the sameparts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarilyto scale, emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating theprinciples of various embodiments. In the following description, variousembodiments are described with reference to the following drawings, inwhich:

FIG. 1A shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with anembodiment;

FIG. 1B shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with anembodiment;

FIG. 1C shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with anembodiment;

FIGS. 2A to 2D show a method for manufacturing a field-effect transistorin accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 3 shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 4 shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 5 shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 6 shows a field-effect transistor in accordance with an embodiment;

FIGS. 7 and 8 show diagrams illustrating certain characteristics of afield-effect transistor in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 9A shows a field-effect transistor arrangement in accordance withan embodiment;

FIG. 9B shows a field-effect transistor of a field-effect transistorarrangement in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 9C shows a field-effect transistor arrangement in accordance withanother embodiment;

FIG. 10 shows a method for manufacturing a field-effect transistor inaccordance with an embodiment; and

FIG. 11 shows a field-effect device in accordance with an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view of a field-effect transistor 100 inaccordance with an embodiment. The field-effect transistor 100 includesa first source/drain region 103 of a first conductivity type, a secondsource/drain region 104 of the first conductivity type, and an implantregion 107 adjacent to the first source/drain region 103, the implantregion 107 being of a second conductivity type, wherein the secondconductivity type is different from the first conductivity type.

In accordance with an embodiment, the implant region 107 may be formedby a pocket implantation (or halo implantation) as will be describedfurther below. Thus, the implant region 107 may also be referred to as apocket implant region.

In accordance with some embodiments, the pocket implant region 107 maybe disposed between the first source/drain region 103 and the secondsource/drain region 104 of the field-effect transistor 100, as shown inFIG. 1A. In accordance with one embodiment, the pocket implant region107 may have a common interface with the first source/drain region 103.In accordance with one embodiment, the pocket implant region 107 may beseparated from the second source/drain region 104.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 may beconfigured as an n-type field-effect transistor. In this case, the firstconductivity type may be an n-type conductivity type and the secondconductivity type may be a p-type conductivity type, as shown in FIG.1A. In accordance with an alternative embodiment, the first and secondconductivity types may be reversed.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first source/drain region 103 maybe configured as a source region or source of the field-effecttransistor 100 and the second source/drain region 104 may be configuredas a drain region or drain of the field-effect transistor 100. The firstand second source/drain regions 103, 104 may be contacted by respectivesource and drain contacts, as shown in FIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first source/drain region 103 andthe second source/drain region 104 may be n-doped, e.g. highly n-doped,for example n+ doped (as shown in FIG. 1A).

In accordance with an embodiment, the pocket implant region 107 may havea doping concentration that is different from a well dopingconcentration. In other words, the doping concentration level in thepocket implant region 107 may be different from a doping concentrationlevel that is commonly present in a doped well (or well region). Forexample, in accordance with an embodiment, the doping concentrationlevel in the pocket implant region 107 may be higher than a typicaldoping concentration level of a well. In accordance with an embodiment,the doping concentration level in the pocket implant region 107 may becomparable to the doping concentration level in the source/drain regions103, 104.

In accordance with an embodiment, the pocket implant region 107 may bep-doped, e.g. highly p-doped, for example p+ doped, as shown in FIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 mayfurther include a body region 101 that may physically contact the pocketimplant region 107. In other words, the body region 101 and the pocketimplant region 107 may have a common interface 117, as shown in FIG. 1A.In accordance with another embodiment, the body region 101 may alsophysically contact the first source/drain region 103. That is, inaccordance with this embodiment the body region 101 and the firstsource/drain region 103 may also have a common interface 113 (as shownin FIG. 1A). In an embodiment, the body region 101 may be understood asa region being located at least partially underneath a gate ragion and asource contact, which only contains the background doping of thesubstrate or the epitaxial-layer. In an embodiment, no additionalimplant like well implants is applied in a body region 101.

In accordance with an embodiment, the pocket implant region 107 may beseparated from the second source/drain region 104 by the body region101, as shown in FIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the body region 101 may have anintrinsic doping concentration, e.g. a p− doping concentration, as shownin FIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 mayfurther include a well region 102 formed in the body region 101, whereinthe second source/drain region 104 may be formed in the well region 102.

In accordance with an embodiment, the well region 102 may be of thefirst conductivity type, i.e. of an n-type conductivity type inaccordance with the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A. In other words, thewell region 102 of the field-effect transistor 100 may have the sameconductivity type as the first and second source/drain regions 103, 104.The well region 102 may be n-doped and may have a doping concentrationthat may be higher than the doping concentration of the body region 101and lower than the doping concentration of the second source/drainregion 104 in accordance with some embodiments.

In accordance with an embodiment, the well region 102 may serve as adrain extension of the field effect-transistor 100. Thus, thefield-effect transistor may also be referred to as drain-extended fieldeffect transistor.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 may beformed in or on a semiconductor substrate or wafer, e.g. in or on asilicon substrate or wafer.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 mayfurther include a gate region (or gate stack) 105 including agate-insulating layer (or gate dielectric) 105 a and a conductive gatelayer (or gate) 105 b disposed over the gate-insulating layer 105 a. Thegate-insulating layer 105 a may include or may be formed of suitablegate dielectric materials, such as an oxide material or other known gatedielectric materials. Similarly, the conductive gate layer 105 b mayinclude or may be formed of suitable gate materials, such aspolysilicon, a metal, or other known gate materials. Sidewall spacers106 may be formed over the sidewalls of the gate region 105, as shown inFIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the pocket implant region 107 may belaterally adjacent to a side of the first source/drain region 103 thatfaces the gate region 105, as shown in FIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the gate region 105 may be formed overthe body region 101 and over the well region 102 (if present), betweenthe first and second source/drain regions 103, 104. For example, thegate region 105 may overlap the well region 102. In other words, thewell region 102 may extend from the second source/drain region 104 asfar as the gate-insulating layer 105 a of the gate region 105.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 may beconfigured as a metal insulator semiconductor (MIS) field-effecttransistor, e.g. as a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) field-effecttransistor in accordance with an embodiment.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 may beconfigured as an n-type MOS (NMOS) field-effect transistor withconductivity types of the individual regions (i.e. body region 101, wellregion 102, source/drain regions 103, 104, pocket implant region 107) ofthe transistor 100 being as shown in FIG. 1A. Alternatively, thefield-effect transistor 100 may be configured as a p-type MOS (PMOS)field-effect transistor, wherein the conductivity types of theindividual regions may be reversed.

In case that the field-effect transistor 100 is configured as a MOSfield-effect transistor it may also be referred to as drain-extended MOS(DEMOS) field-effect transistor.

In accordance with an embodiment, the pocket implant region 107 may beformed partially under the gate region 105. That is, the pocket implantregion 107 may have a common interface with the gate-insulating layer105 a of the gate region 105, as shown in FIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 mayfurther include a shallow trench isolation (STI) region 108 that may beformed in the well region 102. The shallow trench isolation region 108may be disposed laterally adjacent to the second source/drain region104. That is, the shallow trench isolation region 108 may have a commoninterface with the second source/drain region 104 and may be disposedbetween the second source/drain region 104 and an interface 112 betweenthe well region 102 and the body region 101.

In accordance with an embodiment, the gate region 105 may at leastpartially overlap the shallow trench isolation region 108, as shown inFIG. 1A.

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 mayhave a graded doping profile at the side of the first source/drainregion 103 (i.e. at the source side in accordance with an embodiment),which may clearly be formed by the doped pocket implant region 107 andthe intrinsic or lowly doped body region 101 (cf. FIG. 1B).

In accordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 100 mayinclude a doped region 109 disposed laterally adjacent to the firstsource/drain region 103 and between the first source/drain region 103and the gate region 105. For example, the doped region 109 may be formedunder a sidewall spacer 106 of the gate region that is proximate thefirst source/drain region 103. As shown in FIG. 1A, the doped region 109may be of the first conductivity type (e.g. n-doped). In accordance withan embodiment, the doped region 109 may be formed by a LDD implant, aswill be described further below.

Under certain conditions (e.g. under ESD conditions) the n+ doped firstsource/drain region 103, the intrinsic (p− doped) body region 101 andthe n-doped well region 102 may function as a lateral NPN bipolartransistor, wherein the first source/drain region 103 may clearly formthe emitter, the body region 101 may form the base, and the well region102 may form the collector of the bipolar device, as is indicated inFIG. 1A.

In an embodiment, illustratively, there might be provided a current pathbeginning from the first source/drain region 103 via the pocket implantregion 107, the common interface 117 directly into the the body region101 (without being in another well region), the well region 102, aroundthe shallow trench isolation (STI) region 108 to the second source/drainregion 104.

FIG. 1B shows a field-effect transistor 130 in accordance with anembodiment. The field-effect transistor 130 is different from thefield-effect transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A in that the pocket implantregion 107 has a graded doping profile. A pocket implant region 107 witha graded doping profile may also be referred to as a graded pocketregion. In accordance with an embodiment, the graded pocket region 107may include a highly doped (e.g. p+ doped as shown in FIG. 1B) firstsubregion 107 a and a second subregion 107 b formed adjacent to thefirst subregion 107 a and between the first subregion 107 a and the bodyregion 101, wherein the doping concentration of the second subregion 107b may be lower than the doping concentration of the highly doped firstsubregion 107 a and higher than the doping concentration of the inrinsicor lowly doped body region 101. For example, the second subregion 107 bmay be p-doped as shown in FIG. 1B.

Clearly, the p+ doped first subregion 107 a of the pocket implant region107, the p− doped second subregion 107 b of the pocket implant region107 and the p-doped body region 101 form a graded p doping profile atthe source side of the field-effect transistor 130, in other words atthe emitter-base junction of the parasitic bipolar device. In otherwords, the parasitic bipolar device of the field-effect transistor 130has a graded base nature. One effect of the graded doping profile may bean improved current gain of the parasitic bipolar device.

FIG. 1C shows a field-effect transistor 150 in accordance with anembodiment. The field-effect transistor 150 is different from thefield-effect transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A in that the shallow trenchisolation region 108 is disposed only partially in the well region 102.That is, a portion of the shallow trench isolation region 108 mayphysically contact (in other words, touch) the body region 101 inaccordance with this embodiment.

In the following, a method for manufacturing a field-effect transistorsimilar to the one shown in FIG. 1A will be described with reference tothe cross-sectional views shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D, in accordance with anembodiment.

The structure 200 shown in FIG. 2A may be obtained by forming a shallowtrench isolation (STI) region 108 in a substrate 201. In accordance withan embodiment, the substrate 201 may be a semiconductor substrate, e.g.a silicon substrate, and may, for example, have an intrinsic dopingconcentration, e.g. a p− doping concentration as shown in FIG. 2A. Inaccordance with an embodiment, the base doping concentration may be lessthan an intrinsic body doping concentration. The shallow trenchisolation region 108 may be formed using known processes including, forexample, etching a trench into the substrate 201 and subsequentlyfilling the trench with insulating material (e.g. oxide material).

The structure 220 shown in FIG. 2B may be obtained by implanting dopantatoms into a portion of the substrate 201, thereby forming a well region102 in the substrate 201. In accordance with an embodiment, the dopantatoms may be n-type dopant atoms such that the well region 102 isn-doped, as shown in FIG. 2B. In other words, an n-well implantation maybe carried out, thereby forming an n-well 102 in the substrate 201. Thewell region 102 may be formed such that the shallow trench isolationregion 108 is disposed in the well region 102. In accordance withanother embodiment, the well region 102 may be formed such that theshallow trench isolation region 108 is disposed only partially in thewell region 102. In other words, in accordance with an embodiment, thewell region 102 may be formed such that at least a portion of theshallow trench isolation region 108 may physically contact (in otherwords, touch) the body region 101 (cf. FIG. 1C). Furthermore, inaccordance with an embodiment, a p-well implant may be blocked such thefield-effect transistor to be manufactured remains free of a p-well. Theblocking of the p-well implantation may, for example, be achieved usinga blocking mask, which is represented schematically by reference numeral221 in FIG. 2B.

The structure 240 shown in FIG. 2C may be obtained by forming a gateregion 105 over the substrate 201 and over the well region 102 formed inthe substrate 201, wherein the gate region 105 includes agate-insulating layer (gate dielectric) 105 a and a conductive gatelayer 105 b disposed over the gate-insulating layer 105 a. The gateregion 105 may be formed by known processes including, for example, gateoxidation and gate patterning processes. In accordance with anembodiment, the gate region 105 may be formed such that it partiallyoverlaps the shallow trench isolation region 108, as shown in FIG. 2C.Furthermore, a doped region 109 may be formed in the substrate 201 bymeans of a lightly doped drain (LDD) implantation. The doped region 109may be n-doped, as shown in FIG. 2C. Subsequently, a pocket implantationor halo implantation (represented by arrows 241 in FIG. 2C) may beapplied to form a pocket implant region 107 (cf. FIG. 2D) in thesubstrate 201. The pocket implantation may be configured as a tiltedimplantation such that the pocket implant region 107 extends laterallyunder the gate region 105. Furthermore, the pocket implantation may beconfigured as a p-type implantation such that the pocket implant region107 will be p-doped, e.g. highly p-doped, for example p+ doped as shownin FIG. 2D.

The structure 260 shown in FIG. 2D may be obtained by the pocketimplantation described above, and further by a spacer formation processfor forming spacers 106 at the sidewalls of the gate region 105,followed by a source/drain implantation process for forming highly doped(e.g. n+ doped as shown in FIG. 2D) first and second source/drainregions 103, 104, and a contact formation for making electrical contactto the first and second source/drain regions 103, 104.

Thus, a field-effect transistor is obtained that is similar to thefield-effect transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A. The field-effecttransistor shown in FIG. 2D has a single halo implant (pocket implant)at the source side, i.e. the pocket implant region 107. A portion of thesubstrate 201 that remains free of dopant implants (i.e. free of wellimplants, LDD implants, pocket implants and source/drain implants) mayserve as a body region 101 of the field-effect transistor. The bodyregion 101 may have the doping concentration of the substrate 201, i.e.it may have an intrinsic doping concentration (e.g. p− doping) asdescribed above. In other words, the body region 101 may be consideredas a region that does not include any additional well implants (e.g.n-well implants or p-well implants).

FIG. 3 shows a field-effect transistor 300 in accordance with anotherembodiment. The field-effect transistor 300 is different from thefield-effect transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A in that the shallow trenchisolation region 108 is missing in the field-effect transistor 300. Inaccordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 300 may bemanufactured using a similar manufacturing method as described inconnection with FIGS. 2A to 2D, wherein the STI formation illustrated inFIG. 2A may be omitted.

FIG. 4 shows a field-effect transistor 400 in accordance with anotherembodiment. The field-effect transistor 400 is different from thefield-effect transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A in that the field-effecttransistor 400 further includes a second well region 413, wherein thefirst source/drain region 103 is formed partially in the second wellregion 413.

In the field-effect transistor 400 shown in FIG. 4, the second wellregion 413 is formed such that the body region 101 physically contactsthe pocket implant region 107 and the first source/drain region 103,i.e. the body region 101 and the pocket implant region 107 have a commoninterface 117, and the first source/drain region 103 and the body region101 also have a common interface 113. In accordance with anotherembodiment, the second well region 413 may be formed such that the bodyregion 101 still physically contacts the pocket implant region 107 butnot the first source/drain region 103.

The second well region 413 may be of the second conductivity type, i.e.of the same conductivity type as the pocket implant region 107. Inaccordance with the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the second well region413 is p-doped, and may have, for example, a similar dopingconcentration as the well region 102. In accordance with an embodiment,the field-effect transistor 400 may be manufactured using a similarmanufacturing method as described in connection with FIGS. 2A to 2D,without blocking the p-well implantation and thus with forming thesecond well region 413.

FIG. 5 shows a field-effect transistor 500 in accordance with anotherembodiment. The field-effect transistor 500 is different from thefield-effect transistor 400 of FIG. 4 in that the shallow trenchisolation region 108 is missing in the field-effect transistor 500. Inaccordance with an embodiment, the field-effect transistor 500 may bemanufactured using a similar manufacturing method as described inconnection with FIGS. 2A to 2D, wherein the STI formation illustrated inFIG. 2A may be omitted, and an additional well implantation may becarried out for forming the second well region 413.

FIG. 6 shows a field-effect transistor 600 in accordance with anotherembodiment. The field-effect transistor 600 is different from thefield-effect transistor 300 shown in FIG. 3 in that the well region 102is missing in the field-effect transistor 600. Furthermore, thefield-effect transistor 600 includes a lightly doped drain (LDD) region619 that is disposed laterally adjacent to the second source/drainregion 104. The lightly doped drain region 619 may be of the firstconductivity type, e.g. n-doped in accordance with the embodiment shownin FIG. 6.

Field-effect transistor devices in accordance with embodiments describedherein may be used to achieve an improved ESD robustness and failurethreshold of drain-extended field-effect transistor devices, e.g. DEMOSdevices, with improved gate oxide reliability.

In accordance with some embodiments, no extra mask step is necessary inthe fabrication process. In accordance with some embodiments, a singlehalo implantation at the source side and blocking of a p-wellimplantation are applied.

FIG. 7 shows a current-voltage diagram 700 for illustrating the snapbackbehavior of an NMOS field-effect transistor device in accordance with anembodiment, wherein the drain current is plotted versus the drainvoltage. In the diagram 700, V_(T1) and I_(T1) indicate the bipolarturn-on voltage and current, V_(H) indicates the bipolar holdingvoltage, and V_(T2) and I_(T2) indicate the second breakdown triggervoltage and current of the parasitic NPN bipolar transistor in the NMOSfield-effect transistor.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram 800 that may be used to determine I_(T2) for afield-effect transistor in accordance with an embodiment. Shown are thepeak temperature and the peak intrinsic density in the device versus thedrain current. In the example illustrated, I_(T2) is approximately 15mA/μm, which is about 10 times higher than in conventional DEMOSdevices.

FIG. 9A shows a field-effect transistor arrangement 900 in accordancewith an embodiment. The field-effect transistor arrangement 900 includesa first field-effect transistor 910 and a second field-effect transistor920.

The first field-effect transistor 910 of the field-effect transistorarrangement 900 may be configured in a similar manner as describedherein in connection with other embodiments. In accordance with anembodiment, the first field-effect transistor 910 may include a bodyregion 101 and a well region 102 formed in the body region 101 (notshown in FIG. 9A, see e.g. FIG. 1A). Furthermore, the first field-effecttransistor 910 may include a first source/drain region 103 of a firstconductivity type, and a second source/drain region 104 of the firstconductivity type, wherein the second source/drain region 104 may beformed in the well region 102. Furthermore, the first field-effecttransistor 910 may include a pocket implant region 107 (not shown, seee.g. FIG. 1A) adjacent to the first source/drain region 103, the pocketimplant region 107 being of a second conductivity type that is differentfrom the first conductivity type. In accordance with an embodiment, thebody region 101 may physically contact the pocket implant region 107.The pocket implant region 107 may be configured as described herein inconnection with other embodiments. In accordance with anotherembodiment, the well region 102 may be of the first conductivity type,i.e. of the same conductivity type as the first and second source/drainregions 103, 104.

In accordance with an embodiment, the second field-effect transistor 920may be configured as shown in FIG. 9B. For example, the secondfield-effect transistor 920 may include a body region 101, a first wellregion 922 formed in the body region 101, a second well region 923formed in the body region 101, a first source/drain region 103 of thefirst conductivity type formed in the second well region 923, and asecond source/drain region 104 of the first conductivity type formed inthe first well region 922.

In accordance with an embodiment, the second field-effect transistor 920may optionally include a shallow trench isolation region 108 (asindicated in FIG. 9B by the dashed region) disposed at least partiallyin the first well region 922, wherein the shallow trench isolationregion 108 may be configured in a similar manner as described herein inconnection with other embodiments.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first well region 922 may be ofthe first conductivity type, and the second well region 923 may be ofthe second conductivity type.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first field-effect transistor 910and the second field-effect transistor 920 may be coupled in parallelwith each other. In other words, the first source/drain regions 103 ofthe first and second field-effect transistors 910, 920 may be coupled toone another, and the second source/drain regions 104 of the first andsecond field-effect transistors 910, 920 may also be coupled to oneanother.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first source/drain regions 103 ofthe first and second field-effect transistors 910, 920 may be configuredas the transistor sources, and the second source/drain regions 104 maybe configured as the transistor drains.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first source/drain regions 103 ofthe transistors 910, 920 may be coupled to a low electrical supplypotential (VSS or ground). In accordance with another embodiment, thesecond source/drain regions 104 of the transistors 910, 920 may becoupled to a terminal 930 (e.g. a pad).

In accordance with an embodiment, the first field-effect transistor 910may be configured as an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protectiontransistor.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first field-effect transistor 910may include a gate region 105, and the second field-effect transistor920 may include a gate region 905.

In accordance with an embodiment, the gate region 105 of the firstfield-effect transistor 910 may be grounded (grounded-gateconfiguration), as shown in FIG. 9A. In accordance with anotherembodiment, the gate region 105 of the first field-effect transistor 910may be coupled with a trigger circuit.

In accordance with an embodiment, the second field-effect transistor 920may be configured as an input/output (I/O) transistor. The secondfield-effect transistor 920 (input/output transistor) may be protectedagainst damages from ESD events by means of the first field-effecttransistor 910 that may serve as an ESD protection element in thefield-effect transistor arrangement 900.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first and second field-effecttransistors 910, 920 may be configured as metal insulator semiconductor(MIS) field-effect transistors, for example as metal oxide semiconductor(MOS) field-effect transistors.

In one embodiment, the first and second field-effect transistors 910,920 may be configured as NMOS devices. In this case, the firstconductivity type may be an n-type conductivity type, and the secondconductivity type may be a p-type conductivity type. Thus, the wellregion 102 of the first field-effect transistor 910 and the first wellregion 922 of the second field-effect transistor 920 may be configuredas n-wells, and the second well region 923 of the second field-effecttransistor 920 may be configured as a p-well in this case.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first field-effect transistor 910may be configured as a grounded-gate NMOS (ggNMOS) device. In accordancewith another embodiment, the first field-effect transistor 910 may beused in gate-coupled NMOS (gcNMOS) or gate triggered mode, wherein aresistance may be connected between the gate region 105 of the firstfield-effect transistor 910 and VSS.

The well region 102 of the first field-effect transistor 910 and thefirst well region 922 of the second field-effect transistor 920 mayserve as drain extension of the respective field-effect transistor.Thus, the first and second field-effect transistors 910, 920 may also bereferred to as drain-extended field-effect transistor devices, e.g. asDEMOS devices in case that the field-effect transistors 910, 920 areconfigured as MOS field-effect transistors.

A field-effect transistor arrangement in accordance with an embodimentmay include a parallel combination of two DEMOS devices, wherein thefirst DEMOS device has a p-well and may be used for I/O operation, andthe other DEMOS does not have any p-well and may be used for ESDprotection.

FIG. 9C shows a field-effect transistor arrangement 940 in accordancewith another embodiment. The field-effect transistor arrangement 940includes the first field-effect transistor 910 and the secondfield-effect transistor 920 similar to the field-effect transistorarrangement 900 shown in FIG. 9A.

As shown in FIG. 9C, the field-effect transistor arrangement 940 mayfurther include an electrostatic discharge protection trigger circuit941. The electrostatic discharge protection trigger circuit 941 mayinclude a capacitor 942 and an ohmic resistance 943, which may becoupled in series with each other. In more detail, the terminal 930(e.g. a pad) may be coupled with a first electrode of the capacitor 942,and a second electrode of the capacitor 942 may be coupled with a firstterminal of the ohmic resistance 943, a second terminal of which may becoupled to a low electrical supply potential (VSS or ground).Furthermore, a gate region of the first field-effect transistor 910 maybe coupled to the second electrode of the capacitor 942 and the firstterminal of the ohmic resistance 943. Illustratively, in difference tothe field-effect transistor arrangement 900 shown in FIG. 9A in thefield-effect transistor arrangement 940 shown in FIG. 9C, the gateregion of the first field-effect transistor 910 is not coupled to asource/drain region thereof (e.g., the second source/drain region of thefirst field-effect transistor 910), but to the electrostatic dischargeprotection trigger circuit 941.

FIG. 10 shows a method 1000 for manufacturing a field-effect transistorin accordance with an embodiment.

In 1002, a body region is formed. The body region may be formed inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein. Furthermore, agate region may be formed over the body region in accordance with anembodiment.

In 1004, a first source/drain region of a first conductivity type isformed. The first source/drain region may be formed in accordance withone or more embodiments described herein.

In 1006, a second source/drain region of the first conductivity type isformed. The second source/drain region may be formed in accordance withone or more embodiments described herein.

In 1008, a pocket implant region is formed adjacent to the firstsource/drain region, the pocket implant region being of a secondconductivity type different from the first conductivity type, whereinthe pocket implant region is formed such that the body region physicallycontacts the pocket implant region. The pocket implant region may beformed in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

FIG. 11 shows a field-effect device 1100 in accordance with anembodiment.

With respect to the general structure, the field-effect device 1100 issimilar to the field-effect transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A with somedifferences, which will be explained in more detail below.

To begin with, one difference is that a second highly doped region 1103is not doped using doping atoms of the same conductivity type as thefirst source/drain region 103 of the field-effect transistor 100 shownin FIG. 1A, but of the opposite conductivity type (by way of example, incase the first highly doped region 1102 in the substrate 1101 isn⁺-doped, the highly doped region 1103 may be p⁺-doped; and in case thefirst highly doped region 1102 in the substrate 1101 is p⁺-doped, thehighly doped region 1103 may be n⁺-doped). Therefore, the contactterminal contacting the first highly doped region 1102 may be referredto as anode terminal and the contact terminal contacting the secondhighly doped region 1103 may be referred to as cathode terminal.

In the following, other embodiments will be described.

In accordance with an embodiment, a field-effect device is provided thatincludes a first source/drain region of a first conductivity type, asecond source/drain region of the first or of a second conductivitytype, and a pocket implant region adjacent to the first source/drainregion, the pocket implant region being of a second conductivity type,wherein the second conductivity type is different from the firstconductivity type.

In an example of this embodiment, the field-effect device may furtherinclude a body region, wherein the body region may physically contactthe pocket implant region.

In another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region may bedisposed between the first source/drain region and the secondsource/drain region, wherein the pocket implant region may be separatedfrom the second source/drain region by the body region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a well region formed in the body region, wherein thesecond source/drain region may be formed in the well region. In anembodiment, the well region formed in the body region in which thesecond source/drain region is formed may be the only well region, inother words, first source/drain region may be formed directly in thesubstrate without a well region and not being formed in a well.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region maybe separated from the well region by the body region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first source/drain regionmay be configured as a source region of the field-effect device, and thesecond source/drain region may be configured as a drain region of thefield-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe a the field-effect transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayinclude a gate region including a gate-insulating layer and a conductivegate layer disposed over the gate-insulating layer.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region mayhave a common interface with the first source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region maybe laterally adjacent to a side of the first source/drain region thatfaces the gate region of the field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe configured as a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a shallow trench isolation (STI) region formed at leastpartially in the well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be disposed proximate to the second source/drain region andbetween the first source/drain region and the second source/drainregion, e.g. remote to the first source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed at least partially under the gate region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the well region may of thefirst conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region maybe configured as a halo implant region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region maybe formed at least partially under the gate region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the body region may have adoping concentration that is less than or equal to an intrinsic dopingconcentration. In an example, the body region may be fully depleted orpartially depleted of charge carriers, thereby forming a fully depletedfield-effect device or a partially depleted field-effect device,respectively.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a lightly doped drain region disposed laterally adjacentto the second source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the lightly doped drainregion may be of the first conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayhave a graded doping profile at the side of the first source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a second well region, wherein the first source/drainregion may be partially formed in the second well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the second well region may beof the second conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be an n-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe a p-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be a p-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe an n-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe configured as an electrostatic discharge protection device, e.g. asan electrostatic discharge protection transistor.

In accordance with another embodiment, a field-effect device is providedthat may include a body region, a well region formed in the body region,a first source/drain region of a first conductivity type, an implantregion adjacent to the first source/drain region, the implant regionbeing of a second conductivity type different from the firstconductivity type, wherein the implant region may have a dopingconcentration different from a well doping concentration, and a secondsource/drain region of the first conductivity type or of a secondconductivity type formed in the well region, wherein the body region mayphysically contact the implant region.

In an example of this embodiment, the well region may be of the firstconductivity type.

In another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayinclude a gate region including a gate-insulating layer and a conductivegate layer disposed over the gate-insulating layer.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first source/drain regionmay be configured as a source region of the field-effect device, and thesecond source/drain region may be configured as a drain region of thefield-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe a the field-effect transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe configured as a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a shallow trench isolation region formed at leastpartially in the well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be disposed laterally adjacent to the second source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed at least partially under the gate region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the implant region may beformed at least partially under the gate region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the implant region may beconfigured as a pocket implant region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the body region may have adoping concentration that is less than or equal to an intrinsic dopingconcentration. In an example, the body region may be fully depleted orpartially depleted of charge carriers, thereby forming a fully depletedfield-effect device or a partially depleted field-effect device,respectively.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a lightly doped drain region disposed laterally adjacentto the second source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the lightly doped drainregion may be of the first conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maymay have a graded doping profile at the side of the first source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a second well region, wherein the first source/drainregion may be partially formed in the second well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the second well region may beof the second conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be an n-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe a p-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be a p-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe an n-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe configured as an electrostatic discharge protection device, e.g. asan electrostatic discharge protection transistor.

In accordance with another embodiment, a field-effect transistor deviceis provided that may include a body region, a first source/drain regionof a first conductivity type, a second source/drain region of the firstconductivity type or of a second conductivity type, an implant regionadjacent to the first source/drain region, the implant region being of asecond conductivity type different from the first conductivity type,wherein the implant region may have a doping concentration differentfrom a well doping concentration, and wherein the body region mayphysically contact the implant region.

In an example of this embodiment, the field-effect device may furtherinclude a well region formed in the body region, wherein the secondsource/drain region may be formed in the well region.

In another example of this embodiment, the well region may be of thefirst conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayinclude a gate region including a gate-insulating layer and a conductivegate layer disposed over the gate-insulating layer.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first source/drain regionmay be configured as a source region of the field-effect device, and thesecond source/drain region may be configured as a drain region of thefield-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe a the field-effect transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect transistormay be configured as a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a shallow trench isolation region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be disposed laterally adjacent to the second source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed at least partially in the well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed at least partially under the gate region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the implant region may beformed at least partially under the gate region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the implant region may beconfigured as a pocket implant region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the body region may have adoping concentration that is less than or equal to an intrinsic dopingconcentration. In an example, the body region may be fully depleted orpartially depleted of charge carriers, thereby forming a fully depletedfield-effect device or a partially depleted field-effect device,respectively.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a lightly doped drain region disposed laterally adjacentto the second source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the lightly doped drainregion may be of the first conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayhave a graded doping profile at the side of the first source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device mayfurther include a second well region, wherein the first source/drainregion may be partially formed in the second well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the second well region may beof the second conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe configured as an electrostatic discharge protection transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be an n-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe a p-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be a p-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe an n-type conductivity type.

In accordance with another embodiment, a field-effect device arrangementis provided that may include a first field-effect device including abody region, a first well region formed in the body region, a firstsource/drain region of a first conductivity type, a pocket implantregion adjacent to the first source/drain region, the pocket implantregion being of a second conductivity type different from the firstconductivity type, a second source/drain region of the firstconductivity type or of the second conductivity type formed in the firstwell region, wherein the body region may physically contact the pocketimplant region; and a second field-effect device including a bodyregion, a first well region formed in the body region, a second wellregion formed in the body region, a first source/drain region of thefirst conductivity type formed in the second well region, and a secondsource/drain region of the first conductivity type formed in the firstwell region.

In an example of this embodiment, the first field-effect device and thesecond field-effect device may be coupled in parallel with each other.

In another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect device maybe configured as an electrostatic discharge protection device, e.g. asan electrostatic discharge protection transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the second field-effectdevice may be configured as an input/output transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect deviceand the second field-effect device may each include a gate regionincluding a gate-insulating layer and a conductive gate layer disposedover the gate-insulating layer.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first source/drain regionof the first and second field-effect devices may be configured as sourceregions of the field-effect devices, and the second source/drain regionsof the first and second field-effect devices may be configured as drainregions of the field-effect devices.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect deviceand the second field-effect device may be configured as metal oxidesemiconductor (MOS) field-effect devices.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect devicemay be configured as an NMOS field-effect device, e.g. as an NMOSfield-effect transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect devicemay be configured as a PMOS field-effect device, e.g. as a PMOSfield-effect transistor.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect devicemay be configured as grounded-gate field-effect device, e.g. as agrounded-gate field-effect transistor. In other words, a grounded-gateconfiguration (e.g. a grounded-gate NMOS configuration) may be realizedin the first field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect devicearrangement may further include a trigger circuit, and the gate of thefirst field-effect device may be controlled by the trigger circuit.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect devicemay further include a shallow trench isolation region formed at leastpartially in the well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be disposed laterally adjacent to the second source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed at least partially under the gate region of thefirst field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the pocket implant region maybe formed at least partially under the gate region of the firstfield-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the body regions may have adoping concentration that is less than or equal to an intrinsic dopingconcentration.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect devicefurther may include a lightly doped drain region disposed laterallyadjacent to the second source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the the first field-effectdevice may have a graded doping profile at the side of the firstsource/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first field-effect devicemay further include a second well region, wherein the first source/drainregion of the first field-effect device may be partially formed in thesecond well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the second well region may beof the second conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be an n-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe a p-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be a p-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe an n-type conductivity type.

In accordance with another embodiment, a method for manufacturing afield-effect device is provided that may include forming a body region,forming a first source/drain region of a first conductivity type,forming a pocket implant region adjacent to the first source/drainregion, the pocket implant region being of a second conductivity type,wherein the second conductivity type may be different from the firstconductivity type, wherein the pocket implant region may be formed suchthat the body region physically contacts the pocket implant region.

In an example of this embodiment, the method may further include forminga second source/drain region of the first conductivity type or of asecond conductivity type.

In another example of this embodiment, the method may further includeforming a well region in the body region, wherein the secondsource/drain region is formed in the well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the method may furtherinclude forming a gate region including a gate-insulating layer and aconductive gate layer disposed over the gate-insulating layer.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe configured as a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the method may furtherinclude forming a shallow trench isolation region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed laterally adjacent to the second source/drainregion.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the shallow trench isolationregion may be formed at least partially in the well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the well region may be formedsuch that it is of the first conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the body region may be formedsuch that it has a doping concentration that is less than or equal to anintrinsic doping concentration.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the method may furtherinclude forming a lightly doped drain region laterally adjacent to thesecond source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the lightly doped drainregion may be formed such that it is of the first conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect device maybe formed such that is has a graded doping profile at the side of thefirst source/drain region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the method may furtherinclude forming a second well region, wherein the first source/drainregion may be formed partially in the second well region.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the second well region may beformed such that it is of the second conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the device may be formed asan electrostatic discharge protection device.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be an n-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe a p-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the first conductivity typemay be a p-type conductivity type, and the second conductivity type maybe an n-type conductivity type.

In yet another example of this embodiment, the field-effect devicearrangement may further include an electrostatic discharge protectiontrigger circuit. A gate region of the first field-effect device may becoupled to the electrostatic discharge protection trigger circuit.

In yet another example of this embodiment, a gate region of the firstfield-effect device may be coupled to the second source/drain region ofthe first field-effect device.

In accordance with another embodiment, a method for operating afield-effect device arrangement is provided, wherein the the first fieldeffect device of the field-effect device arrangement as described aboveis used as an electrostatic discharge protection device.

In the following, certain features and potential effects of illustrativeembodiments are described.

In accordance with some embodiments, field-effect transistor devices areprovided that may, for example, be used as power clamps or as robust ESDprotection elements which may be compliant with interface voltages ofe.g. about 5 V to 12 V for an I/O circuit implemented in a system onchip (SoC).

In accordance with an embodiment, an ESD protection device for highvoltage interfaces based on a modified drain-extended MOS device isprovided. Specific features of this device include:

1) Blocking of a p-well implant in the body/base area and underneath thesource region. This may increase the base resistance of the underlyingbipolar transistor significantly and may reduce the triggering voltageof the ESD protection element leading to a better voltage clamping underESD conditions.

2) Adding a p+ pocket at the source side. The p+ pocket may control theleakage current in the off-state of a V_(T) and p-well blocked deviceand may also improve the beta (current gain) of the bipolar triggeredunder ESD because of a graded base nature.

In accordance with another embodiment, an ESD protection element isprovided that includes a single halo implant (or pocket implant) at thesource side and blocking of the p-well in a standard STI-type DEMOSprocess. The single halo implant (pocket implant) may control theleakage current in the off-state and may improve the 0 (current gain) ofthe transistor. Blocking the p-well may increase the substrateresistance significantly and may reduce the triggering voltage.

Embodiments may be realized in standard CMOS technology and may includethe following features or effects:

1) CMOS process compatibility. No additional mask may be needed for themanufacturing.

2) Using a single halo implant may help to improve the current gain ofthe parasitic bipolar transistor. Furthermore, it may control theleakage current which may be a concern in protection devices.

3) Using an intrinsic or lowly doped p-substrate may help to increasethe substrate resistance which may lead to a low trigger voltage.

4) Using an n-well may relax the drain-to-substrate electric field. Theheat dissipation is given as J×E (i.e., product of current density J andelectric field E). Relaxing the electric field near the junction mayhelp to reduce self-heating of the device. Furthermore, a deep well mayhelp to spread the injected current deeper into the substrate which maylead to a reduced current density. Since the failure threshold of adevice depends on self-heating, a deep n-well that relaxes theself-heating in the device may eventually lead to a high failurethreshold. Furthermore, the n-well may contribute to the drainresistance which may provide improved ballasting.

5) A shallow trench isolation (STI) below the drain-gate edge may helpto bend the injected current towards or deep into the n-well region.This spreading may help to relax the current density. It may also relaxthe gate oxide field near the drain edge. A high gate oxide field maycause TDDB (time-dependent dielectric breakdown), which may be areliability concern for ggNMOS protection devices.

6) Moving current filaments in the device may provide robustness againstESD events.

In accordance with some embodiments, field-effect transistor devices areprovided wherein a p-well is blocked to improve the parasitic bipolareffect in the devices.

In accordance with an embodiment, a graded doping profile may beprovided at the source side of a field-effect transistor device toimprove the parasitic bipolar effect and ESD failure threshold of thedevice.

In accordance with an embodiment, a halo implant (pocket implant) may beused to form a p+ pocket near the source of a field-effect transistordevice, which may control the leakage current.

In accordance with an embodiment, the pocket implant may improve thebipolar triggering because of the graded base nature of the NPN.

In accordance with an embodiment, an n-well may be formed that may helpto spread charge carriers into the deep substrate region.

In accordance with an embodiment, a shallow trench isolation (STI) maybe formed underneath the gate-drain overlap that may help to protect thegate oxide from failure at high transient voltages.

In accordance with an embodiment, a lowly doped substrate in combinationwith the pocket implant may improve the bipolar speed. A high bipolarspeed may cause moving current filaments, which may eventually lead to arobust device.

In accordance with an embodiment, a field-effect transistor arrangementwith a parallel combination of two DEMOS devices may be provided,wherein a first DEMOS device has a p-well and is used for I/O operation,and wherein a second DEMOS does not have any p-well and is used for ESDprotection.

In accordance with an embodiment, the combination of a p+ pocket implantand blocking the p-well implant may be used in all versions of NMOSdevices such as, for example, LDDMOS (laterally double diffused MOS) orRESURF devices, DEMOS devices (with or without STI), LDMOS (laterallydiffused MOS) devices or DMOS (double diffused MOS) devices and standardcore NMOS devices.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described withreference to specific embodiments, it should be understood by thoseskilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be madetherein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention asdefined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is thusindicated by the appended claims and all changes which come within themeaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended tobe embraced.

What is claimed is:
 1. A field-effect device, comprising: a body regionof a second conductivity type; a well region formed in the body region;a first source/drain region of a first conductivity type; a doped regionof the first conductivity type disposed laterally adjacent to the firstsource/drain region, a doping concentration level in the doped regionbeing lower than a doping concentration level of the first source/drainregion; a second source/drain region of the first conductivity type orof a second conductivity type disposed in the well region; and a pocketimplant region adjacent to the first source/drain region, the pocketimplant region being of the second conductivity type and comprising afirst subregion adjacent to the first source/drain region and a secondsubregion adjacent to the first subregion and between the firstsubregion and the body region, a doping concentration level in the firstsubregion of the pocket implant region being higher than a dopingconcentration level of the well region and being higher than the dopingconcentration level of the doped region and further being higher than adoping concentration level of the body region, and a dopingconcentration level in the second subregion of the pocket implant regionbeing lower than the doping concentration level in the first subregionof the pocket implant region and being higher than the dopingconcentration level of the body region, wherein the second conductivitytype is different from the first conductivity type, and wherein the bodyregion physically contacts the pocket implant region.
 2. Thefield-effect device of claim 1, wherein the field-effect device isconfigured as a metal insulator semiconductor field-effect device. 3.The field-effect device of claim 1, further comprising: a shallow trenchisolation region formed at least partially in the well region.
 4. Thefield-effect device of claim 3, wherein the shallow trench isolationregion is disposed proximate to the second source/drain region andbetween the first source/drain region and the second source/drainregion.
 5. The field-effect device of claim 1, wherein the well regionis of the first conductivity type.
 6. The field-effect device of claim1, wherein the body region has a doping concentration that is equal toan intrinsic doping concentration.
 7. The field-effect device of claim1, further comprising: a lightly doped drain region disposed laterallyadjacent to the second source/drain region.
 8. The field-effect deviceof claim 1, wherein the field-effect device is configured as anelectrostatic discharge protection device.
 9. The field-effect device ofclaim 1, wherein the field-effect device is a field-effect transistor,wherein the first source/drain region is a source region and the secondsource/drain region is a drain region of the field-effect transistor.10. A field-effect device, comprising: a body region of a secondconductivity type; a well region formed in the body region; a firstsource/drain region of a first conductivity type; a doped region of thefirst conductivity type disposed laterally adjacent to the firstsource/drain region, a doping concentration in the doped region beinglower than a doping concentration of the first source/drain region; animplant region adjacent to the first source/drain region, the implantregion being of a second conductivity type different from the firstconductivity type, wherein the implant region comprises a firstsubregion adjacent to the first source/drain region and having a higherdoping concentration than the well region and a higher dopingconcentration than the body region and further a higher dopingconcentration than the doped region and further comprises a secondsubregion adjacent to the first subregion and between the firstsubregion and the body region and having a lower doping concentrationthan the first subregion and a higher doping concentration than the bodyregion; and a second source/drain region formed in the well region,wherein the body region physically contacts the implant region.
 11. Thefield-effect device of claim 10, further comprising: a shallow trenchisolation region formed at least partially in the well region.
 12. Thefield-effect device of claim 11, wherein the shallow trench isolationregion is disposed laterally adjacent to the second source/drain region.13. The field-effect device of claim 10, wherein the body region has adoping concentration that is equal to an intrinsic doping concentration.14. The field-effect device of claim 10, wherein the field-effect deviceis configured as an electrostatic discharge protection device.
 15. Thefield-effect device of claim 10, wherein the field-effect device is afield-effect transistor, wherein the first source/drain region is asource region and the second source/drain region is a drain region ofthe field-effect transistor.
 16. An electronic circuit, comprising: afirst field-effect device, comprising: a body region of a secondconductivity type; a well region formed in the body region; a firstsource/drain region of a first conductivity type; a doped region of thefirst conductivity type disposed laterally adjacent to the firstsource/drain region, a doping concentration level in the doped regionbeing lower than a doping concentration level of the first source/drainregion; a pocket implant region adjacent to the first source/drainregion, the pocket implant region being of a second conductivity type,wherein the second conductivity type is different from the firstconductivity type, wherein the pocket implant region comprises a firstsubregion adjacent to the first source/drain region and a secondsubregion adjacent to the first subregion and between the firstsubregion and the body region, wherein a doping concentration level inthe first subregion of the pocket implant region is higher than a dopingconcentration level of the well region, wherein the doping concentrationlevel in the first subregion of the pocket implant region is higher thana doping concentration level of the body region, wherein the dopingconcentration level in the first subregion of the pocket implant regionis higher than the doping concentration level of the doped region,wherein a doping concentration level in the second subregion of thepocket implant region is lower than the doping concentration level inthe first subregion of the pocket implant region, and wherein the dopingconcentration level in the second subregion of the pocket implant regionis higher than the doping concentration level in the body region; and asecond source/drain region of the first conductivity type or of thesecond conductivity type formed in the well region, wherein the bodyregion physically contacts the pocket implant region; and a secondfield-effect device coupled with the first field-effect device.
 17. Theelectronic circuit of claim 16, wherein the second field-effect devicecomprises: a body region; a first well region formed in the body region;a second well region formed in the body region; a first source/drainregion of the first conductivity type formed in the second well region;and a second source/drain region of the first conductivity type formedin the first well region.
 18. The field electronic circuit of claim 16,wherein the first field-effect device and the second field-effect deviceare coupled in parallel with each other.
 19. The electronic circuit ofclaim 16, wherein the first field-effect device is configured as anelectrostatic discharge protection device.
 20. The electronic circuit ofclaim 16, wherein the second field-effect device is configured as aninput/output device.
 21. The electronic circuit of claim 16, wherein thefirst field-effect device further comprises a shallow trench isolationregion formed at least partially in the well region.
 22. The electroniccircuit of claim 16, wherein the well region of the first field-effectdevice is of the first conductivity type.
 23. The electronic circuit ofclaim 16, further comprising: an electrostatic discharge protectiontrigger circuit, wherein a gate region of the first field-effect deviceis coupled to the electrostatic discharge protection trigger circuit.24. The electronic circuit of claim 16, wherein a gate region of thefirst field-effect device is coupled to the second source/drain regionof the first field-effect device.